School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University
Collaborative Innovation Cen⁃ter of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization
School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology

目的目的针对内部存在断层的防隔水煤柱在采动影响下应力场持续变化对其稳定性和工作面安全开采造成极大威胁的问题,方法方法以鹤壁中泰矿业有限公司3309工作面为工程地质背景,采用理论分析、正交试验和FLAC3D数值模拟试验,研究定向爆破应力转移保护防隔水煤柱的影响因素以及不同切顶深度和切顶角度下防隔水煤柱内部应力分布特征。结果结果结果表明:随着切顶角度和切顶深度增加,垂直应力集中区逐渐向深部转移,但当切顶深度和切顶角度达到一定数值后,继续增加切顶角度或切顶深度对应力集中区位置及垂直应力峰值影响不再明显,对比不同方案防隔水煤柱内部测线数据可知,当切顶深度为15m、切顶角度为15°时,应力集中区距回风巷距离最远,最远距离为19.76m,应力峰值最小,最小值为15.65MPa。结论结论采用定向爆破技术可以实现切顶卸压应力转移,能够阻断回风巷上覆岩层与防隔水煤柱周边岩层的联系,将防隔水煤柱靠近回风巷一侧应力向深部转移,以减少采动对防隔水煤柱的影响;现场工业性试验结果验证了选定方案切顶深度15m、切顶角度15°的合理性,防隔水煤柱内部实现了应力转移,选定方案的成功应用有效提高了防隔水煤柱的稳定性,能够满足安全生产要求。研究结果可为类似地质条件下内部存在断层的防隔水煤柱的应力转移保护提供参考依据。

Objectives This study addresses the significant threat posed by the continuous variation of stress fields under mining activity to the stability of waterproof coal pillars and the safe mining of working faces, particularly when faults are present within the coal pillars. Methods Taking the 3309 working face of Hebi Zhongtai Mining Co., Ltd. as the engineering geological context, theoretical analysis, orthogonal experi‑ments, and FLAC3D numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the factors influencing stress transfer via directional blasting and the internal stress distribution characteristics of waterproof coal pillars under varying roof-cutting depths and angles. Results The findings indicate that as the roof-cutting angle and depth increase, vertical stress shifts deeper into the coal pillar. However, beyond a certain threshold, further increases in roof-cutting depth or angle have minimal impact on the location of the stress concentra‑tion zone and the peak vertical stress. Among the tested schemes, when the roof-cutting depth is 15 m and the roof-cutting angle is 15°, the stress concentration zone is farthest from the return airway, with a maxi‑mum distance of 19.76 m, and the stress peak is minimized at 15.65 MPa. Conclusions Directional blasting effectively facilitates stress transfer by cutting the roof and relieving stress, thereby isolating the overlying strata of the return airway from the surrounding rock layers of the waterproof coal pillar. This redirects stress near the return airway deeper into the pillar, mitigating the impact of mining activities. On-site indus‑trial experiments validated the feasibility of the selected parameters (roof-cutting depth of 15 m and angle of 15°), demonstrating that stress transfer was successfully achieved. The proposed method significantly en‑hances the stability of waterproof coal pillars, meeting the requirements for safe production. These findings provide a valuable reference for the stress transfer protection of fault-affected waterproof coal pillars under similar geological conditions.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52074102);河南省自然科学杰出青年基金资助项目(212300410006);河南省高校科技创新团队项目(23IRTSTHN007)

刘少伟,郭泽政,冯超,等.防隔水煤柱定向爆破应力转移机理及参数优化设计[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2025,44(1):1‑9.

LIU S W, GUO Z Z, FENG C, et al. Mechanism of stress transfer in directional blasting and optimization of design parameters[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University (Natural Science),2025,44(1):1-9.