复杂地质条件下的冲击地压防治工作是现阶段矿业工程技术研究的焦点，以新巨龙煤矿10⁶能级的大能量微震事件和特殊位置断层的强冲击风险为背景，提出了一种基于近断层高层位爆破的新型卸压防冲技术，从多维度进行了综合评价。结果表明：原位监测的爆炸裂隙区最大扩展半径为1.5 m，据此设计的孔底距和装药量可以保证断层的破断效果；10⁴能级的微震事件由停采前的5.2 % 降低到恢复推采的1.5 %，并且未出现10⁵和10⁶能级事件；水平主导应力下巷道变形表现为帮部大于顶底板，覆岩层的压力转移至实体煤帮，导致实体侧变形大于采空侧；巷道的围岩应力波动范围由6~12.85 MPa降低至6~8.5 MPa，峰值显著降低40 %。近断层高层位卸压爆破形成的破碎带区域有效地切断了断层与厚硬顶板的联系，削弱了“跷跷板”效应的影响程度，对防冲卸压工程实践以及冲击地压灾害治理具有重要的应用意义

The prevention and control of rockburst under complex geological conditions is the focus of research on mining technology at this stage. Based on the 10⁶-level high-energy microseismic events of Xinjulong Coal Mine and the high rockburst risk of faults in special positions, a new type of pressure-relief and anti-impact technology based on near-fault high-level blasting is proposed. Anti-rockburst effect of the new pressure relief blasting technology is comprehensively evaluated from multiple dimensions. The results show that: the maximum expansion radius of the explosive fracture zone obtained by in-situ monitoring was 1.5 m, and the hole bottom distance and the charge quantity designed accordingly can ensure the breaking effect of the fault; the microseismic event of 10⁴ energy level decreased from 5.2 % before stopping mining to 1.5 % after recovering mining, and no 10⁵ and 10⁶ energy level events occurred. Under the horizontal principal stress, the deformation of the roadway was larger than that of the roof and floor, and the stress of the overlying strata was transferred to the solid coal side, which led to the deformation of the solid side larger than that of the goaf side. The stress fluctuation range of the surrounding rock of the roadway was reduced from 6 ~ 12.85 MPa to 6 ~ 8.5 MPa, and the peak value was significantly reduced by 40 %. The fracture zone area formed by the high-level near-fault pressure-relief blasting effectively cut off the connection between the fault and the thick and hard roof, weakened the influence of the "seesaw" effect. The result has important application significance for the practice of anti-rockburst and pressure-relief engineering and the treatment of rockburst disasters.