【目的】为了有效强化煤层气抽采效果，将脉动压裂与超临界CO₂压裂相结合，提出了利用超临界CO₂脉动压裂煤(岩)的新思路。【方法】自主研发了超临界CO₂脉动压裂−渗流耦合真三轴试验系统，介绍了该试验系统的主要结构、特点和功能，然后开展了室内真三轴条件下超临界CO₂脉动压裂−渗流试验及超临界CO₂脉动压裂−声发射监测试验。该系统结合独立伺服系统与中央数字系统控制三向应力，采用双泵型恒速恒压泵脉动给压，具有高精度、全过程、真三轴、承载高温、高压及高应力的特点。【结果和结论】试验结果表明：超临界CO₂脉动压裂−渗流耦合真三轴试验系统可以实现良好的脉动压裂功能。超临界CO₂脉动压裂后，煤体渗透率较压裂前呈增大趋势，增大了2~9倍，且煤体渗透率皆呈现良好的指数变化规律。在声发射−超临界CO₂脉动压裂时期，煤体产生了新的裂隙通道，该通道由压裂孔中心直接贯穿至煤样表面，且可观测到超临界CO₂流体直接从煤中喷出，故超临界CO₂脉动压裂具有一定的扩展和连通裂隙的作用，能够有效提高煤层气的抽采效果。研究成果为强化深部低渗煤层增透技术提供了一定的试验支撑。

[Objective] To effectively enhance the extraction effects of coalbed methane (CBM), this study proposed a novel approach for fracturing coals (rocks) using pulsation of supercritical carbon dioxide (CO₂) by combining pulsed fracturing with supercritical CO₂ fracturing. [Methods] A true triaxial test system coupling supercritical CO₂ pulsed fracturing with seepage was independently developed, and its primary structure, characteristics, and functions were elucidated. Then, the supercritical CO₂ pulsed fracturing - seepage/acoustic emission monitoring tests under true triaxial conditions were conducted in the laboratory. The test system, controlling the triaxial stress by combining an independent servo system with a central digital system and achieving pulsed pressurization using a dual pump with constant speed and pressure, features high precision, true triaxiality, and resistance to high temperature, pressure, and stress and covers the whole process. [Results and Conclusions] The results indicate that the true triaxial test system that couples supercritical CO₂ pulsed fracturing with seepage can achieve effective pulsed fracturing. Using supercritical CO₂ pulsed fracturing, the permeability of coals can increase by two to nine times, manifesting a pronounced exponential growth. During the acoustic emission - supercritical CO₂ pulsed fracturing, new fracture channels were formed in coals. These channels penetrated directly from the center of the fractured pores to the coal surface, with supercritical CO₂ being observed ejecting directly from coals. Therefore, supercritical CO₂ pulsed fracturing plays a certain role in propagating and connecting fractures, effectively improving CBM extraction. The findings of this study provide certain test support for reinforcing the permeability enhancement technology of deep, low-permeability coal seams and offer practical guidance for field CO₂ fracturing engineering.