为了解决千米深井厚煤层巷道变形破坏的控制难题，以深部松散软弱厚煤层沿空煤巷为对象，基于现场调研实测获得的煤巷围岩力学强度及围岩结构分布状况，揭示了深井高应力煤巷变形破坏特征；通过构建的千米深井松软沿空煤巷围岩三维数值模型，分析了卸压孔长度、间距对煤巷围岩卸压控制的效果，获得了合理的卸压孔间距为1.0 m，卸压孔深度10.0 m，并提出了沿空煤巷围岩强力支护−钻孔卸压等关键控制技术参数。结果表明：通过围岩位移、锚索受力等组合矿压观测方法可以验证卸压控制技术及参数的合理性。

In order to solve the control problems of deformation and failure in soft and thick coal seam in kilometer-deep coal mine, the gob-side roadway in deep loose and weak thick coal seam is taken as the object. Based on on-site investigation and measurement, the obtained the mechanical strength and structural distribution of coal roadway surrounding rock reveal the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock of high stress coal roadway in deep mine; through a constructed three-dimensional numerical model for surrounding rock of a kilometer deep soft coal roadway, and the the effect of pressure relief hole length and spacing on the pressure relief control of coal roadway were analyzed. A reasonable spacing of 1.0 m and a depth of 10.0 m for pressure relief holes are obtained. Key control technical parameters such as strong support for surrounding rock of gob-side roadway and drilling pressure relief are proposed. The rationality of pressure relief control technology and parameters is verified through combined observation methods such as surrounding rock displacement and anchor cable stress.