School of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University

废水中的重金属污染对地表水生态环境构成严重威胁。为开发一种高效、稳定的吸附材料去除工业废水中的Cr(Ⅵ)和Cu2+,本研究采用质量浓度为5%的聚苯胺对活性氮化硼进行改性,通过原位化学氧化法合成一种新的聚苯胺改性活性氮化硼复合材料(a-BN@5%Pani)。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、N2吸附脱附(BET)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等方法表征了a-BN@5%Pani吸附前后的理化性质。通过等温线模型和动力学模型研究了吸附机理。研究结果表明,a-BN@5%Pani存在介孔结构,具有良好的热稳定性,并且复合材料吸附剂表面电荷得到提升,成功引入亚胺基团,为吸附提供活性点位,因此a-BN@5%Pani表现出优异的吸附能力,a-BN@5%Pani对Cr(Ⅵ)的最大吸附量达到了589.32mg/g,对Cu2+的最大吸附量为185.30mg/g;动力学研究表明吸附过程以化学吸附为主,吸附速率较快,在30min左右达到吸附平衡。在共存体系中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量是Cu2+吸附量的4~5倍,这证明其对Cr(Ⅵ)有选择吸附性。经过5次循环再生,吸附效率没有明显损失,去除效率可达到80%左右,证明了a-BN@5%Pani具有良好的再生能力和稳定性。本研究成果为去除工业废水中的重金属污染物提供了一种新的吸附材料。

Heavy metal pollution in wastewater poses a significant threat to the ecological environmentof surface water and represents a major environmental challenge. To develop an efficient and stableadsorbent for the removal of Cr(Ⅵ) and Cu from industrial wastewater, this study modified activatedboron nitride with a 5% mass concentration of polyaniline and synthesized a novel polyaniline-modifiedactivated boron nitride composite material (a-BN@5%Pani) via in situ chemical oxidationa-BN@5%Pani. The resulting a-BN@5%Pani demonstrated remarkable efficacy in the adsorption ofCr(Ⅵ) and Cu from aqueous solutions. Comprehensive characterization using SEM, FTIR, BET, andXPS techniques revealed a mesoporous structure with excellent thermal stability. Crucially, theintegration of polyaniline introduced imine groups, substantially enhancing the surface charges andproviding abundant active sites for efficient heavy metal binding. This resulted in exceptionalEnergy Environmental Protectionadsorption capacities: a maximum of 589.32 mg/g for Cr(Ⅵ) and 185.30 mg/g for Cu. However, theadsorption process exhibited a strong pH dependence, with Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption reaching a maximum of306.10 mg/g at pH 6. Isotherm studies indicated that the Langmuir model provided a better fit (higherR value) to the experimental data compared to the Freundlich model, suggesting monolayer adsorptiononto a homogenous surface. Kinetic analysis revealed that the pseudo-second-order model bestdescribed the adsorption process, indicating chemisorption as the dominant mechanism. The adsorptionprocess was rapid, achieving equilibrium within approximately 30 minutes. Interestingly, competitiveadsorption experiments in a mixed solution of Cr(Ⅵ) and Cu revealed a significant enhancement inCr(Ⅵ) adsorption in the presence of Cu. The maximum Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption capacity increased by afactor of 3-4 compared to the single-metal system, while Cu adsorption remained significantly lower(4-5 times less than Cr(Ⅵ)), highlighting the selective adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) by a-BN@5%Pani.Furthermore, the composite demonstrated excellent reusability, maintaining approximately 80% of itsinitial adsorption efficiency after five regeneration cycles, showcasing its robust stability and potentialfor practical applications. In conclusion, this research presents a-BN@5%Pani as a highly effective andreusable adsorbent for the removal of Cr(Ⅵ) from industrial wastewater, offering a promising solutionfor mitigating heavy metal pollution. The selective adsorption capacity and ease of regeneration furtherenhance its practical appeal. The findings of this study have provided a novel adsorbent material for theremoval of heavy metal pollutants from industrial wastewater.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52376121)

刘博,詹凤琪,张俊中,等.聚苯胺改性活性氮化硼对Cr(Ⅵ)和Cu2+吸附特性研究[J].能源环境保护,2025,39(1):191−200.

LIU Bo, ZHAN Fengqi , ZHANG Junzhong , et al. Adsorption Characteristics of Cr(Ⅵ) and Cu2+ byPolyaniline-Modified Active Boron Nitride[J]. Energy Environmental Protection, 2025, 39(1): 191−200.