粉尘质量浓度在线检测技术是矿山通风安全和尘肺预警的重要基础，而技术的核心是检测误差。为了减小粉尘质量浓度在线检测的误差，提出一种基于多传感融合的粉尘质量浓度检测技术。调研发现目前应用最多的粉尘质量浓度在线检测方法是光散射法和电荷感应法;基于2种方法的基本原理，研制了光散射传感子单元和电荷感应传感子单元。为了解决光散射传感子单元的污染问题，借助气幕控尘技术，设计了一种带气幕隔尘的光散射传感子单元;再将2种传感子单元进行结构融合，得到串联型的多传感融合单元。然后，基于实验准备与系统，对多传感融合单元进行系列实验，采用多传感数据融合方法，将光散射子单元和电荷感应子单元的AD值进行数据融合，提出一种粉尘质量浓度检测算法，形成了多传感融合的粉尘质量浓度检测技术。最后，实验发现:光散射传感子单元的气幕隔尘结构尽量避免了粉尘对光学器件的污染;多传感融合单元的检测误差≤8.5%，比光散射传感子单元小6.4%，比电荷感应传感子单元小6.2%;多传感融合单元的平均标定灵敏度是2 911.4，与光散射传感子单元相比提高了32.3倍，与电荷感应传感子单元比较提高了124.4倍。证明:多传感融合技术克服了光散射法和电荷感应法对粉尘质量浓度检测的局限性，集中了2者的优点，进一步减小了检测误差和提高了标定灵敏度。

The on-line detection technology of dust concentration is an important basis for mine ventilation safety and pneumoconiosis warning,and the core of the technology is the detection error.In order to reduce the error of on-line dust concentration detection,a new dust concentration detection technology based on multi-sensor fusion was proposed.It was found that the light scattering method and charge induction method are the most widely used methods for the on-line detection of dust concentration.Based on the basic principles of the two methods,the light scattering sensor subunit and the charge sensing sensor subunit were developed.In order to solve the pollution problem of light scattering sensor subunit,a light scattering sensor subunit with air curtain dust separation was designed by means of air curtain dust control technology.Then the structure of the two sensor subunits was fused to obtain a series multi-sensor fusion unit.Then,based on the experimental preparation and system,a series of experiments were carried out on the multi-sensor fusion unit.The multi-sensor data fusion method was used to fuse the AD values of the light scattering sub-unit and the charge induction sub-unit,and a dust concentration detection algorithm was proposed to form the multi-sensor fusion dust concentration detection technology.Finally,the experiment shows that the air curtain dust separation structure of the light scattering sensor sub-unit can avoid the dust pollution to the optical devices.The detection error of the multi-sensor fusion unit is ≤8.5%,which is 6.4% smaller than the light scattering sensor subunit and 6.2% smaller than the charge sensing sensor subunit.The average calibration sensitivity of the multi-sensor fusion unit is 2 911.4,which is 32.3 times higher than that of the light scattering sensor sub-unit,and 124.4 times higher than that of the charge sensing sub-unit.It is proved that the multi-sensor fusion technology overcomes the limitations of the light scattering method and the charge induction method in the detection of dust concentration.Combining the advantages of both methods,it further reduces the detection error and improves the calibration sensitivity.

1 光散射法基本原理

2 电荷感应法基本原理

3 多传感融合的粉尘检测技术

   3.1 多传感结构融合

   3.2 多传感数据融合及检测算法

4 实验

   4.1 光散射子单元的防污染实验

   4.2 多传感融合单元的检测误差实验

5 结论