根据FDBR标准及不确定度原理，介绍了垃圾焚烧电站入炉垃圾低位热值计算方法，构建了入炉垃圾低位热值不确定度计算模型。以某935 t/d垃圾焚烧锅炉为研究对象，进行了入炉垃圾低位热值计算分析并对入炉垃圾低位热值测试不确定度进行了评定。结果表明：入炉垃圾低位热值与垃圾焚烧电站设计热值的匹配程度直接影响垃圾焚烧锅炉的运行状态，应加强对入炉垃圾低位热值的跟踪分析；相较于垃圾送样化验，性能试验方式更能反映入炉垃圾热值的真实情况；依据FDBR标准能够准确获得性能测试期间的入炉垃圾低位热值平均值，测试精确度高，但运行人员仍无法根据入炉垃圾情况实时调整机组运行状态，入炉垃圾热值的实时预测研究仍是当前阶段的研究重点；过热蒸汽质量流量、生活垃圾质量流量、省煤器出口烟气体积流量、炉渣热灼减率、省煤器进口给水温度、过热蒸汽温度、一次风蒸预器中间段风温、湿炉渣量占垃圾处理量百分比、省煤器出口烟温9个参数的测量不确定度占入炉垃圾低位热值不确定度权重值的99.3%，提高此9个参数的测量精度，确保入炉垃圾低位热值的测试质量。

According to the FDBR standard and the principle of uncertainty,the calculation method of low heat value (LHV) of  municipal solid waste(MSW) incineration power plant was introduced,and the uncertainty calculation model of LHV of MSW was constructed. Taking a 935 t/d MSW incineration boiler as the research object,the LHV of MSW was calculated and analyzed,and the uncertainty of LHV test was evaluated. The results show that the matching degree of the LHV of MSW into the furnace and the designed LHV of the MSW incineration power station directly affects the operation state of the MSW incineration boiler. The tracking and analysis of the LHV of MSW should be strengthened. Compared with the MSW sample test,the performance test method can better reflect the real situation of LHV of MSW into the furnace. According to the FDBR standard,the average value of the LHV of the furnace waste during the performance testing can be accurately obtained,and the test accuracy is high. However,the operator is still unable to adjust the running state of the unit in real time according to the furnace waste. The real-time prediction of the LHV of the furnace waste is still the focus of the current stage. The measurement uncertainty of superheated steam mass flow,municipal solid waste mass flow,flue gas volume flow at economizer outlet,slag loss on ignition,economizer inlet feed water temperature,superheated steam temperature,air temperature in the middle section of primary air preheater,the ratio of wet furnace slag,economizer outlet flue gas temperature accounts for 99.3% of the uncertainty of LHV of waste into the furnace. Improving the measurement accuracy of these nine parameters can ensure the test quality of the LHV of MSW.

0 引言

1 入炉垃圾低位热值测试测试

2 不确定度计算

   2.1 不确定度数学模型

   2.2 不确定度评定及合成

3 入炉垃圾低位热值不确定度算例

   3.1 机组概况

   3.2 测试方法及试验数据

   3.3 入炉垃圾低位热值计算结果及分析

   3.4 各测量参数灵敏度及不确定度计算

   3.5 不确定度分析

4 结论与建议