工业闭式齿轮作为煤矿机械设备中不可或缺的传动装置, 将纳米铜作为润滑油添加剂加入工业闭式齿轮油中进行纳米铜润滑油的理化性能研究, 对了解其使用寿命、使用条件和应用领域均具有重要意义。结合纳米铜的XRD 图像及粒度分布, 对其运动黏度、黏度指数、机械杂质、水分、铜片腐蚀、起泡性、液相锈蚀、倾点等理化性能进行测试, 利用四球试验机检测工业闭式齿轮油的综合磨损指数和磨斑直径, 并对纳米铜在闭式齿轮油中的抗磨与极压性能进行验证, 以验证其不会对工业闭式齿轮油产生负面影响, 最终将纳米铜润滑油应用于煤矿机械设备中以提高其使用寿命。结果表明: 在工业闭式齿轮油中添加纳米铜, 与未添加纳米铜的工业闭式齿轮油相比, 其运动黏度、黏度指数与倾点分别增加了11. 7%、11. 5%与55. 6%, 即在工业闭式齿轮油中添加纳米铜未对工业闭式齿轮油的运动黏度、黏度指数、机械杂质、铜片腐蚀、液相锈蚀、水分、起泡性和倾点等理化性能产生负面影响, 铜片腐蚀、液相锈蚀、水分与起泡性均符合国家相关标准。通过四球试验, 综合磨损指数与磨斑直径相比于未添加纳米铜的工业闭式齿轮油分别改善了13. 4%与79. 3%, 即纳米铜的添加可增强润滑油的极压与抗磨性能并保护煤矿机械设备。将纳米铜润滑油经过6 个月的现场应用, 吨煤用电量降低4. 9%, 经济效益明显。现场应用后的纳米铜润滑油主要理化性能均未超过换油指标, 由此表明添加纳米铜后的工业闭式齿轮油性能稳定, 即纳米铜的存在可在一定程度上提升工业闭式齿轮油的理化性能, 煤矿机械设备的使用寿命得到进一步延长。

Industrial closed gear is an indispensable transmission device in coal mine machinery and equipment,nano⁃copper is added into gear oils for industrial enclosed gear system as lubricating oil additive to study the physicaland chemical properties of nano⁃copper lubricating oil, it is of great significance to understand its service life, servicecondition and application field. Combined with the XRD images and particle size distribution of nano⁃copper, thephysical and chemical properties such as motion viscosity, viscosity index, mechanical impurities, moisture content,copper corrosion, foaming, liquid phase corrosion, pour point were tested. The comprehensive wear index and wearspot diameter of industrial closed gear oil were tested by four⁃ball testing machine, the anti⁃wear and extreme pressureproperties of nano⁃copper in closed gear oil were verified, it verified that it would not have negative effects on gearoils for industrial enclosed gear system. Finally, nano⁃copper lubricating oil was applied to coal mine equipment toimprove its service life. The results show that when nano⁃copper is added into gear oils for industrial enclosed gearsystem, compared with industrial closed gear oil without nano⁃copper, the kinematic viscosity, viscosity index andpour point are increased by 11. 7%, 11. 5% and 55. 6% respectively. Adding nano⁃copper into industrial closed gearoil has no negative effects on the physical and chemical properties of the industrial closed gear oil (such as motionviscosity, viscosity index, mechanical impurities, copper corrosion, liquid phase corrosion, moisture content, foa⁃ming property and pour point), the copper corrosion, liquid phase corrosion, moisture content, and foaming prop⁃erties all comply with relevant national standards. The four⁃ball test shows that the comprehensive wear index andwear scar diameter are improved by 13. 4% and 79. 3% respectively compared with industrial closed gear oil withoutnano⁃copper, that is, the addition of nano⁃copper can enhance the extreme pressure and anti⁃wear properties of lubri⁃cating oil and protect coal mine machinery and equipment. The nano⁃copper lubricating oil was applied in the field forsix months, the electricity consumption per ton of coal was reduced by 4. 9%, the economic benefits were obvious.The main physical and chemical properties all do not exceed the oil change index, indicating that the performance ofthe industrial closed gear oil after the addition of nano⁃copper is stable. The existence of nano⁃copper can improve thephysical and chemical properties of the industrial closed gear oil to a certain extent, and the service life of coal minemachinery equipment can be further extended.