深入了解生物质的热解、燃烧特性以及碱金属的生成特性是生物质清洁高效利用的理论基础。传统的测量手段由于测量精度低以及时间滞后等问题，对于生物质热反应过程认识存在不足。激光诱导荧光（LIF）技术具有非接触、实时在线、高空间分辨率、连续性等优点，其用于生物质热反应过程的研究报道越来越多。本研究主要综述了近年来LIF技术在生物质热解过程、燃烧过程及燃烧过程中碱金属释放特性的应用进展，分析了不同反应条件下生物质热解过程中挥发分的生成演化行为及其形成机理，阐述了生物质燃烧过程中火焰结构信息及碱金属的释放迁移转化特性，提出了当前研究存在的一定不足及未来研究方向。

A profound study on the characteristics of pyrolysis and combustion of biomass and the generation and transfer of alkali metals can provide theoretical basis for the clean and efficient utilization of biomass. Due to the low measurement accuracy and time lag, traditional measurement methods have insufficient understanding of the biomass thermal reaction process. Laser induced fluorescence (LIF) technology has the advantages of non-disturbance, real-time in-situ measurement, strong component selectivity, good sensitivity, and high spatial and temporal resolution, which has been used in more and more studies on the biomass thermal reaction processes. This paper mainly reviews the application of LIF technologies in the research on the characteristics of biomass pyrolysis, combustion, and alkali metal release in recent years, analyzes the release and evolution behavior and formation mechanism of volatile matter during biomass pyrolysis under different reaction conditions, and expounds the flame structure information and alkali metal release, migration, and transformation characteristics during biomass combustion. Finally, some shortcomings in the current research and the future research directions are put forward.