新型电力系统建设面临严峻的电力保供挑战,探索促进煤电转型的容量价格机制是保障电力供应安全的必要措施。首先分析了容量补偿机制和容量市场机制的主要运作特点,结合中国实际状况,进行“本土化”分析。然后以典型煤电机组为例,基于平准化发电成本(LCOE)和新进入成本(CONE)核算方法,设定6种场景,分析煤电有效容量的平均补偿价格水平;并进一步通过模拟电力系统运行特性,讨论结合用电负荷峰谷特性的时段性容量补偿价格浮动机制的应用。最后从容量机制的选择、容量价格的设定及调整等方面,为完善激励煤电可靠保供容量服务的价格机制提出参考建议。

The issue of supply assurance challenges the development of new power system, and exploring the capacity price mechanism to encourage the transition of coal power is critical to improve power supply security. This study first analyzes the fundamental operational aspects of the capacity compensation mechanism and the capacity market mechanism, and then localizes them in the context of China’ s current circumstances. Then, six scenarios are set up to analyze the average compensation price level of effective coal power capacity based on levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and cost of new entry (CONE) methods using typical coal power units as an example. And the application of time-of-day capacity compensation price combining peak and valley characteristics of electricity consumption by simulating power system operating characteristics is discussed further. Finally, reference suggestions are provided in terms of capacity mechanism type selection and capacity price adjustment for improving the compensation price mechanism to promote reliable coal power capacity service.