China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.
National Energy Technology & Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control
Beijing Key Laboratory of Coal Based Carbon Materials

煤中伴生镓、锂和稀土元素均属稀有金属元素及国家新兴战略性矿产资源,基于哈尔乌素露天矿煤中伴生镓、锂及稀土元素含量较高,研究其赋存特征可为矿区矿产资源的合理开发利用及稀有金属元素的定向富集、后续提取技术开发提供基础的理论与技术支撑。结合哈尔乌素6号煤层的煤质特征,通过X射线衍射、Siroquant定量分析、扫描电镜和煤岩分析等方法对煤中矿物组成特征及镓、锂和稀土元素的含量分布与赋存规律进行研究,并从矿物质整体特征、载体物相特征等方面重点探讨煤中伴生镓、锂和稀土元素的矿物特征。结果表明:哈尔乌素煤中的矿物质主要由高岭石、方解石、伊利石、勃姆石组成,占比分别为84.1%、6.9%、5.2%、3.8%;哈尔乌素6号煤层煤中镓、锂及稀土元素纵向分布规律显著,在上台阶样品中含量较高,而在西部层位含量较低;哈尔乌素煤中镓、锂与灰分呈正相关关系,与无机矿物质的亲和程度高;镓、锂的主要载体为高岭石、伊利石等硅酸盐黏土矿物以及勃姆石矿物。

The accompanying lithium, gallium and rare earth elements in coal are rare metal elements and emergingstrategic mineral resources in the country. Based on the high content of accompanying gallium, lithium and rare earthelements in the coal of the Halwusu open⁃pit mine, studying their occurrence characteristics can provide theoreticaland technical support for the rational development and utilization of mineral resources in the mining area, as well asthe directional enrichment and subsequent extraction technology development of rare metal elements. Based on thecoal quality characteristics of the Halwusu NO. 6 coal seam, the mineral composition characteristics and the distribu⁃tion and occurrence patterns of gallium, lithium and rare earth elements in the coal were studied through methodssuch as X⁃ray diffraction, siroquant quantitative analysis, scanning electron microscopy and coal petrology analysis.The mineral characteristics of the accompanying gallium, lithium and rare earth elements in the coal were mainly dis⁃cussed from the overall characteristics of the minerals and the carrier phase characteristics. The results show that theminerals in Halwusu coal are mainly composed of kaolinite, calcite, illite and boehmite accounting for 84. 1%,6. 9%, 5. 2% and 3. 8% respectively; the vertical distribution pattern of lithium, gallium and rare earth elements inthe coal of Halwusu No. 6 coal seam is significant with higher content in the upper step samples and lower content inthe western layer; gallium and lithium elements in Halwusu coal are positively correlated with ash content, and thehigh affinity are correlated with inorganic minerals too; the main carriers of gallium and lithium are silicate clay miner⁃als such as kaolinite and illite, as well as boehmite minerals.

国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(42030807)

武琳琳. 哈尔乌素煤中伴生镓锂及稀土元素的赋存特征研究 [J]. 煤质技术, 2023, 38 (5): 28-35.

WU Linlin. Study on occurrence characteristics of associated gallium lithium and rare earth elements in Halwusucoal [J]. Coal Quality Technology, 2023, 38 (5): 28-35.