School of Economics and Management, Taiyuan University of Technology

提高全要素能源效率是实现黄河流域高质量发展的关键所在。运用包含非期望产出的超效率SBM模型、GML指数模型和空间探索性分析方法,测度了黄河流域9省区1999—2020年的全要素能源效率及其时空演化特征。考虑因变量为截断数据的特性,构建了包含经济发展水平、产业结构、能源结构、人口规模、环境规制5个驱动因素的面板Tobit模型,检验了其对黄河流域全要素能源效率的驱动效应。结果表明:黄河流域全要素能源效率值较低,上、中、下游依次递增,地区差异明显。技术效率对全要素能源效率的抑制作用明显高于技术进步的带动作用。从空间角度看,上游地区主要以低低集聚为主,下游地区则以高高集聚为主,四川和内蒙古存在由高低集聚向低低集聚演化的趋势。从驱动因素角度看,经济发展水平显著正向影响黄河流域的全要素能源效率,能源结构恰恰相反。并且各因素对上、中、下游地区的作用机制各不相同。

Improving total factor energy efficiency is the key to achieving high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. This studyuses the super efficient SBM model, GML index model, and spatial exploratory analysis method to measure the total factor energy efficiencyand its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of 9 provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin from 1999 to 2020. Considering thecharacteristic of truncated data as the dependent variable, a panel Tobit model was constructed that includes five driving factors: economicdevelopment level, industrial structure, energy structure, population size, and environmental regulation, to test its driving effect on thetotal factor energy efficiency of the Yellow River Basin. The results show that the total factor energy efficiency value of the Yellow RiverBasin is relatively low, with increasing values in the upper, middle, and lower reaches, and significant regional differences. The inhibitoryeffect of technological efficiency on total factor energy efficiency is significantly higher than the driving effect of technological progress.From a spatial perspective, the upstream region is mainly dominated by Low-Low agglomeration, while the downstream region is mainlydominated by High-High agglomeration. There is a trend of evolution from High-Low agglomeration to Low-Low agglomeration in Sichuanand Inner Mongolia. From the perspective of driving factors, the level of economic development significantly positively affects the totalfactor energy efficiency of the Yellow River Basin, while the energy structure is exactly the opposite. And the mechanisms of action ofvarious factors on the upstream, middle, and downstream regions are different.