CHN Energy Shendong Coal Coal Group Co. , Ltd.
Tianjin Zhenhua Prestressing Technology Co. , Ltd.

预应力锚固技术在煤矿巷道顶板支护中被广泛应用,但目前针对预应力锚索锚固结构的卸锚仍采用手工操作,缺乏安全成熟的研究和成果。本研究分析了锚环-夹片-锚索三者之间物质-场关系,确定了传统矿用锚具卸锚过程中的关键问题,通过消除非有效完整功能的物质-场模型、减缓有害功能的物质-场模型等两个方面进行分析,借助实验室试验对其进行结构优化。最终提出一种可拆卸矿用锚具,并在井下进行了应用试验。试验结果表明,相较于目前常用的矿用锚具,论文提出的可拆卸矿用锚具在实现快速高效拆除的同时,所需拆卸力小,锚索剩余应力实现归零,卸锚过程安全可靠。

Prestressed anchoring technology is widely used in roof support of coal mine roadway, but at present, the unloading of prestressed anchor cable anchoring structure is still operated manually, and there is a lack of safe and mature research and results. We analyzed the substance-field relationship between anchor ring-clamp-anchor cable, identified the key problems in the unloading process of traditional mining anchors, analyzed the substance-field model that eliminates ineffective complete functions and the substance-field model that slows down harmful functions, and optimized its structure with laboratory tests. Finally we proposed a detachable mine anchor and carried out application tests underground. The test results show that, compared with the common mining anchors, the detachable mining anchors can achieve fast and efficient dismantling, while the disassembly force required is small, the residual stress of the anchor cable is zeroed, and the anchor unloading process is safe and reliable.

国家自然科学基金项目(51804159)

1 矿用锚具受力及卸锚分析
2 矿用锚具物质-场模型分析
2.1 物质-场模型介绍
2.2 基于物质-场模型锚具使用分析
2.3 矿用锚具卸锚问题的解决和结构优化
3 现场试验
4 结 论

罗 文, 毛爱菊, 杨俊彩, 等. 基于物质-场分析的可拆卸矿用锚具的优化设计研究 [J]. 煤炭工程, 2024,56(1): 127-133.