随着煤炭绿色生产新模式的提出，采选充一体化在减少矸石的无效提升、消除矸石堆放污染以及提高资源回收率等方面具有重大意义，且已成为煤炭绿色发展的重要技术路线。文章简要介绍了煤炭井下分选的现状，阐述了井下分选的意义和特点，并对比了目前现有技术的优缺点，为今后项目建设技术路线的选择提供了参考。同时，对新的井下分选技术提出了展望。

Following the launch of the initiative for switching to the new mode of green coal production, the coal mining - cleaning - underground backfilling integrated approach is of vital importance for reducing the volume of gangue hoisted up to surface, avoiding pollution caused by stockpiling of refuse, and enhancing recovery of coal resource, and it has become an important technological route for green development of coal industry. The paper presents a brief outline of current state of underground coal separation operation, an analysis of the significance and characteristics of such operations, as well as a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the technologies currently available. The work made in the paper can serve as a reference for the selection of the technological route for the development of underground coal separation projects in the future.