School of Economics and Management, Yan’an University

技术进步是应对气候变化挑战和能源转型升级的关键,而“一刀切”的技术政策不利于其碳减排作用的有效发挥。因此,有必要就异质性技术进步对碳排放的影响方向及程度进行对比分析。基于五大局的专利数据,选取1998—2020年我国新能源技术、化石能源技术及减缓气候变化的技术发明专利申请数,并借助计量模型展开探究。研究表明:新能源技术进步长短期均减少碳排放,化石能源技术进步促进碳排放且存在长短期差异,减缓气候变化的技术进步对碳排放的作用不明显。在此基础上,提出要重点加强新能源技术的研发投资,对化石能源技术则采取阶段性发展策略,对减缓气候变化的技术要合理借助市场手段,从而优化碳减排技术政策体系,有效发挥不同技术进步的碳减排作用等政策建议。

Technological progress is the key to meet the challenges of climate change and energy transformation and upgrading, while “one-size-fits-all” technological policies are not conducive to the effective fulfilment of their carbon emissions reduction role. Therefore, it isnecessary to conduct a comparative analysis of the direction and extent of the impact of heterogeneous technological progress on carbonemissions. Based on the patent data of the five major Patent Offices, we obtained the number of patent applications for new energytechnology, fossil energy technology and climate change mitigation technology in China from 1998 to 2020, and explored them with thehelp of econometric models. The study shows that the progress of new energy technology reduces carbon emissions in both the short and longterm, the progress of fossil energy technology promotes carbon emissions and there is a difference between the short and long term, and theprogress of climate change mitigation technology does not have an obvious effect on carbon emissions. On the basis of that, we should focuson strengthening the R & D investment in new energy technology, adopt a phased development strategy for fossil energy technology, andmake reasonable use of market instruments for climate change mitigation technology, so as to optimise the carbon emissions reductiontechnology policy system and effectively bring into play the carbon emissions reduction effects of different technological advances, and otherpolicy recommendations.

陕西省哲学社会科学重大理论与现实问题重点智库研究项目(2021ZD1001);省人大财经委高质量发展专题调研课题研究项目(2022HZ1541)