岩石在载荷作用下的变形与断裂会引起潜在参数信息的变化，通过参数的动态捕捉可表征裂隙生成、扩展、闭合过程，是一种岩石健康评价的重要方法。

基于搭建的多参数测试系统，开展单轴加载条件下岩石试件的分布式光纤应变、电极电流、纵波波速的同步采集，进一步构建强度−参数特征关系图谱以及参数层析成像结果，精细描述了砂岩、灰岩、泥岩3类典型岩石受载全过程多参数的时空演化特征。

试验结果表明：时间−压力曲线和多参数响应曲线具有较好的一致性，螺旋布设的分布式光纤应变在试件的原生孔隙压缩和线弹性阶段表现为缓慢、稳定的增长，在裂隙生成、扩展阶段表现为突然、快速的增长。试验中，砂岩、灰岩、泥岩的临破裂分布式光纤应变值分别为933×10⁻⁶，401×10⁻⁶和3790×10⁻⁶；电极电流在原生孔隙压缩和线弹性阶段变化微小，在裂隙生成、扩展阶段明显地降低、裂隙闭合时有一定回升；在原生孔隙压缩、线弹性、破裂阶段，砂岩的纵波波速分别为4.31、4.39、1.26 km/s，灰岩的纵波波速分别为4.80、4.93、3.10 km/s，泥岩的纵波波速分别为3.65、3.57、1.71 km/s。通过获得的岩石受载全过程能量值，构建了损伤变量D来评价岩石试件的损伤演化程度，砂岩的D值经历了缓增−降低−突增3个阶段，灰岩的D值经历了缓慢增大−快增−停滞−突增4个阶段，泥岩的D值经历了缓慢增大−快增−突增3个阶段。基于分布式光纤应变测试结果，探究了不同岩性岩石试件的破裂模式，为载荷下次生裂隙生成、扩展以及潜在破裂面位置预测提供支持。

The deformations and rupture of rocks under loading will cause potential changes in parameters. Dynamic parameter capture assists in characterizing the generation, propagation, and closure processes of fractures, serving as a significant method for assessing rock quality.

Using a multiparameter test system, this study synchronously acquired strain measured using distributed optic fibers, electrode current, and compressional wave (P-wave) velocities of rock specimens under uniaxial loading. Accordingly, this study determined strength vs. parameter characteristic relationship graphs and parametric tomography results, finely describing the multiparameter spatiotemporal evolutionary characteristics of three typical rocks (i.e., sandstone, limestone, and mudstone) throughout the loading process.

The test results indicate that the time vs. pressure curves were highly consistent with the multiparameter response curves. For the rock specimens, the strain measured using spirally distributed optic fibers exhibited a slow, stable growth in the compression and linear elasticity stages of primary pores but a sudden, rapid growth in the fracture generation and propagation stages. During the tests, the strain measured using distributed optic fibers for sandstone, limestone, and mudstone under critical fracturing were 933×10⁻⁶, 401×10⁻⁶, and 3790×10⁻⁶, respectively. The electrode current changed minimally in the compression and linear elasticity stages of primary pores, decreased significantly in the fracture generation and propagation stages, and rebounded during fracture closure. In the compression, linear elasticity, and failure stages of primary pores, the P-wave velocities of the sandstone specimen were 4.31 km/s, 4.39 km/s, and 1.26 km/s, respectively; those of the limestone specimen were 4.80 km/s, 4.93 km/s, and 3.10 km/s, respectively, and those of the mudstone specimen were 3.65 km/s, 3.57 km/s, and 1.71 km/s, respectively. Based on the energy values of the rock specimens throughout the loading process, this study constructed damage variable D to assess the degrees of damage evolution of the rock specimens. Specifically, the D values of the sandstone specimen experienced gradual increase, decrease, and sudden increase stages; those of the limestone specimen underwent slow increase, rapid increase, stagnation, and sudden increase stages, and those of the mudstone specimen experienced slow increase, rapid increase, and sudden increase stages. This study explored the failure modes of different rock specimens based on the test results of the strain measured using distributed optic fibers. The results of this study will assist in predicting the generation and propagation of secondary fractures, as well as the positions of potential rupture planes, under loading.