School of Geosciences and Survey and Mapping Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology ( Beiing)
Yima Coal Mining Group Corporation Ltd.

为得到义马煤田矿井发生冲击地压的原因,并制定冲击地压防治措施,对该煤田"两硬一软"的煤层地质结构、采深、巨厚坚硬砾岩顶板、构造应力等地质因素导致矿井冲击地压进行了研究,并指出了义马向斜的轴核部煤层埋深达600~1 200 m、上覆岩层厚、地应力集中是发生冲击地压的主要原因;提出了加强巷道支护并在其两侧进行深孔注水和卸压爆破,使围岩形成"两强一弱"的支护结构、避免工作面走向与构造主应力方向垂直等防治冲击地压的对策措施。结果表明:义马煤田冲击地压属于重力-构造类型;采取针对性的综合措施后,冲击地压发生的频次减少,冲击程度降低。

In order to obtain the causes of the mine pressure bump occurred in Yima Coalfield mines, and set up effective measures to prevent and control the min e pressure bump, this paper had a study on the geological structure, deep mining depth, ultra thick hard conglomerate roof, structure stress and other geological factors of the coal seam with hard seam and hard roof and soft floor in the coalfield affected to the role of the mine pressure bump. The paper pointed out that the depth of the seam in the syncline axial core was up to 600~ 1 200 m and the thick overburden strata and the ground stress concentration were the main causes of the mine pressur e bump occurred. The paper provided the enhanced gateway support and the deep borehole water injection and the pressure releasing blasting conducted along the tw 0 sidewalls of the gateway thus to make the surrounding rock of the gateway form a"two hard and one soft' 'support structure and to avoid the coal mining strike verticall y to the main stress direction of the structure and other measures to prevent and control the mine pressure bump. The results showed that the mine pressure bump in Yi ma Coalfield was a gravity- structure type and after the related comprehensive measures conducted, the frequency of the mine pressure bump was reduced.

国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(41130419)；