Key Lab of Calculation Geodynamics, Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geosciences, University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences

煤矿瓦斯问题不仅是煤与瓦斯突出的防治问题,还应考虑煤与瓦斯共采及资源利用,温室气体减排和环境保护等。针对我国煤储层具有"高应力、高含气、强吸附、低渗透"的特征,深入分析了煤层变质变形与瓦斯吸附问题、构造煤结构特征与瓦斯赋存问题、深部煤炭开采瓦斯问题和煤矿瓦斯异常区地球物理探测与预测问题等与煤矿瓦斯有关的关键科学问题,系统总结了煤与瓦斯突出及其预防治理、煤与瓦斯共采及其资源利用,煤炭开发中的碳排放及其环境保护等关键技术问题。在此基础上,阐明了导致我国煤矿瓦斯赋存状况复杂、瓦斯灾害防治难度大、煤矿瓦斯开采效果差、利用率低、温室气体碳排放量大等原因,并对完善我国煤矿煤与瓦斯共采和煤系地层多气共采理论体系、技术方法和开发机制进行了论述。最后强调煤矿区瓦斯问题的解决,需要全面体现煤矿瓦斯防治、煤层气资源利用以及温室气体减排等多方面的综合效益。

The mine gas problem would not only be a prevention and control problem of the coal and gas outburst, but should consider the coal and gas simultaneo usly mining and resources utilization, the greenhouse gas emission reduction, environment protection and others. According to the' 'high stress, high gas content, strong adsorption and low permeability"features of the coal reservoirs in China, the paper in detail analyzed the seam deterioration and deformation as well as the gas adsorpti on problems, the tectonic coal structure features and the gas deposition problem, the gas problem of the deep seam mining, the geophysical exploration and prediction problems in the mine gas abnormal zone and the key scientific problems related to mine gas. The paper systematically summarized the coal and gas outburst and the p revention and control, the coal and gas simultaneously mining and resources utilization, the carbon emission and the environment protection during the coal developme nt and other technical problems. Based on the circumstances, the paper explained the causes of the complicated gas deposition conditions in China coal mines, high dif ficult gas disaster prevention and control, poor mine gas mining effect, low gas utilization rate, high greenhouse gas carbon emission and others and discussed the theo retical system, technical method and development mechanism to improve the mine coal and gas simultaneously mining and the multi gas simultaneously mining of the C oal measure strata. Finally, the paper stressed the solution of the mine gas problem should fully reflect the comprehensive effects of the mine gas prevention and contr ol, the utilization of the coalbed methane resources, the greenhouse gas emission reduction and others.

国家科技重大专项课题资助项目(2011ZX05060-005)；国家自然科学基金资助项目(41030422,41372213)；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项课题资助项目(XDA05030100)；