China Coal Research Institute

为了降低由于顶板岩层岩性、结构、组合发生变化而引起的顶板事故发生的概率,采用顶板窥视仪对巷道顶板进行观测,识别巷道顶板岩层强度,对巷道顶板的冒顶隐患区域进行预测,合理优化设计巷道顶板支护参数。通过对试验矿井井下1 000 m巷道的实际观测,优化锚索支护参数改善支护缺陷,减弱支护过剩巷道的支护强度使之达到合理。结果表明:试验巷道的冒顶隐患区域能被及时发现,支护参数得到及时改进,降低了冒顶风险,节余锚索长7 383 m。按照巷道顶板观测数据改进支护参数,能够提高巷道顶板的安全性,避免由于巷道顶板强度不确定而浪费支护材料。

In order to reduce the probability of roof accidents caused by changing lithology, structure and combination of roof rock, the roof peering instrument was used to observe roadway roof to determine rock strength, predict the hidden dangerous area of roof fall, and reasonably design the support parameters of roadway roof. Based on the practical observation on the roadway of 1 000 m in experimental mine, the author optimized the anchor support parameters, strengthened the roadway su pport which was not sufficient, and reduced the excess support, in order to make support reasonable. The results showed that the hidden dangerous area of roof fall in experimental roadway was found in time and the support parameters were improved timely, so that the risk of roof fall was reduced, and 7 383 m anchor was saved. Th e improvement of support parameters according to observation data of roadway roof could improve security of roadway roof and avoid support material waste due to the unknown strength of roadway roof.